Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) a halin yanzu ana amfani dashi sosai a fannonin likita daban-daban.A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, aikace-aikacen PRP a cikin likitocin kasusuwa ya jawo hankali sosai, kuma aikace-aikacensa a fannoni daban-daban kamar farfadowar nama, warkar da raunuka, gyaran tabo, tiyata na filastik da kyau ya zama mafi girma.A cikin fitowar ta yau, za mu yi nazari kan ilimin halittu na PRP, tsarin tafiyar da ayyukanta, da kuma rabe-raben PRP don ƙarin fahimtar abin da za a iya yi da wanda bai kamata a yi da PRP ba.
Tarihin PRP
Ana kuma san PRP da Plasma-rich Plasma (PRP), Platelet-rich growth factor (GFS) da kuma matrix mai arzikin fibrin (PRF).Tunani da bayanin PRP sun fara ne a fagen ilimin jini.Masanan ilimin jini sun kirkiro kalmar PRP a cikin 1970s, musamman don kula da marasa lafiya tare da thrombocytopenia ta hanyar cire platelets da ƙara ƙarin jini.
Shekaru goma bayan haka, an fara amfani da PRP a cikin maxillofacial tiyata azaman PRF.Fibrin yana da manne da kuma homeostatic Properties, kuma PRP yana da anti-mai kumburi Properties cewa tada cell yaduwa.Bayan haka, PRP ya fara amfani da shi sosai a cikin filin musculoskeletal na raunin wasanni kuma ya sami sakamako mai kyau na warkewa.Domin maganin da ake yi wa ƙwararrun ƴan wasa ne, ya ja hankalin kafofin watsa labarai da yawa kuma an yi amfani da shi sosai a fannin likitancin wasanni.Bayan haka, a hankali an haɓaka PRP a cikin likitancin kasusuwa, tiyata, tiyatar yara, likitan mata, urology, filastik da tiyata na kwaskwarima da kuma ilimin ido.
Platelet Biology
Kwayoyin jini na gefe sun haɗa da jajayen ƙwayoyin jini, fararen jini da kuma platelet, duk an samo su ne daga kwayar halitta mai ƙarfi ta gama-gari wacce za ta iya bambanta zuwa layin salula daban-daban.Waɗannan layukan tantanin halitta sun ƙunshi sel precursor waɗanda zasu iya rarraba da girma.Platelets an samo su ne daga marrow na kashi kuma su ne sel masu sifar diski masu girma dabam dabam, tare da matsakaicin diamita na kusan μm 2, kuma su ne mafi ƙarancin ƙwayoyin jini.Platelet yana ƙididdigewa a cikin kewayon jini na yau da kullun daga 150,000 zuwa 400,000 kowace microlita.Platelets sun ƙunshi nau'o'in nau'i mai mahimmanci na sirri, wanda akwai manyan guda uku: granules masu yawa, o-granules, da lysosomes.Kowane platelet yana da kusan barbashi 50-80.
Ma'anar PRP
A ƙarshe, PRP samfuri ne na halitta, wanda ke da ƙwayar plasma mai ta'azzara tare da mafi girman matakin platelet fiye da na gefen jini.PRP ba kawai ya ƙunshi manyan matakan platelet ba, har ma ya ƙunshi duk abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, gami da jerin abubuwan haɓaka, chemokines, cytokines da sunadaran plasma.
Ana fitar da PRP daga jini na gefe ta hanyoyi daban-daban na shirye-shiryen dakin gwaje-gwaje.Bayan shiri, gwargwadon griwents daban-daban, sel jini, sel jini, php, da ppp a cikin kayan jinin sun rabu cikin jerin.A cikin PRP, ban da babban taro na platelet, yana da muhimmanci a yi la'akari da ko ya ƙunshi leukocytes kuma ko an kunna shi.Dangane da waɗannan nau'ikan, nau'ikan PRP daban-daban da suka dace da yanayin yanayin cututtukan cututtukan da aka ƙaddara.
Akwai na'urorin kasuwanci da yawa a halin yanzu waɗanda zasu iya sauƙaƙe shirye-shiryen PRP.Waɗannan na'urorin PRP yawanci suna samar da adadin platelet mai girma ninki 2-5.Ko da yake mutum zai iya tunanin cewa mafi girma da ƙwayar platelet kuma mafi girma yawan adadin girma, mafi kyawun sakamako na warkewa ya kamata ya zama, wannan ba a kafa shi ba, kuma sau 3-5 ana ɗaukar hankali gabaɗaya ya dace.
Na'urorin kasuwanci suna da fa'idar daidaitawa da sauƙi, amma suna da iyakokin na'urorinsu.Wasu ba za su iya cire ƙayyadaddun ƙazanta da kyau ba, kuma wasu shirye-shiryen PRP ba su da yawa a cikin maida hankali.Ainihin, duk kayan aikin kasuwanci ba za a iya shirya su daban-daban kuma daidai ba.Wannan ita ce babbar matsala tare da daidaitattun kayan aiki.A halin yanzu, daidaitattun fasahar shirye-shiryen dakin gwaje-gwaje na mutum ɗaya kawai zai iya rufe duk buƙatun haƙuri, waɗanda ke da manyan buƙatu akan fasahar dakin gwaje-gwaje.
Rahoton da aka ƙayyade na PRP
A cikin 2006, Everts et al sun ba da shawarar manufar PRP mai arzikin leukocyte.Sabili da haka, ana iya raba PRP zuwa nau'i biyu bisa ga yawan adadin leukocytes: PRP tare da leukocytes marasa kyau da PRP tare da leukocytes masu arziki.
1) Platelet-rich plasma dauke da babban taro na leukocytes, ake magana a kai a matsayin L-PRP (Leukocyte Platelet-Rich Plasma, dauke da karamin adadin jajayen Kwayoyin), yafi amfani ga refractory raunuka, ciwon sukari ƙafa, gout tare da marasa warkarwa. raunuka, gyaran kashi, rashin daidaituwa, kumburin kasusuwa da sauran magungunan asibiti.
2) Platelet-rich plasma ba tare da ko tare da ƙananan ƙwayoyin leukocytes ana kiransa P-PRP (Pure Platelet-Rich Plasma, ba tare da jan jini ba), wanda aka fi amfani dashi don raunin wasanni da cututtuka na degenerative, ciki har da raunin meniscus, ligament da raunin jijiya. , gwiwar hannu na wasan tennis, Arthritis gwiwa, lalacewar guringuntsi, lalata diski na lumbar da sauran cututtuka.
3) Bayan an kunna PRP ruwa ta hanyar thrombin ko calcium, ana iya samar da gel-like PRP ko PRF.(Dohan et al. Faransa ta fara shiryawa)
A cikin 2009, Dohan Ehrenfest et al.rarrabuwa 4 da aka ba da shawarar dangane da kasancewar ko rashi na sassan salula (kamar leukocytes) da tsarin fibrin:
1) PRP mai tsabta ko leukocyte-malauci PRP: PRP da aka shirya ba shi da leukocytes, kuma abun ciki na fibrin bayan kunnawa yana da ƙasa.
2) Farin ƙwayoyin jini da PRP: suna ɗauke da farin jini, kuma abun cikin fibrin bayan kunnawa yayi ƙasa.
3) PRF mai tsabta ko leukocyte-malauci PRF: shirye-shiryen ba ya ƙunshi leukocytes kuma yana da fibrin mai girma.Waɗannan samfuran suna zuwa a cikin nau'ikan gels da aka kunna kuma ba za a iya amfani da su don allura ba.
4) Leukocyte-rich fibrin da PRF: dauke da leukocytes da fibrin mai girma.
A cikin 2016, Magalon et al.ya ba da shawarar rarrabuwar DEPA (kashi, inganci, tsabta, kunnawa), mai da hankali kan ƙidayar platelet PRP, tsabtar samfur, da kunna platelet.
1. Matsakaicin allurar platelet: Yi ƙididdigewa ta hanyar ninka ƙwayar platelet ta ƙarar platelet.Bisa ga allurar da aka yi wa allurar (a cikin biliyoyin ko miliyoyin platelet), ana iya raba shi zuwa (a) babban adadin:> biliyan 5;(b) babban kashi: daga biliyan 3 zuwa biliyan 5;(c) matsakaicin kashi: daga biliyan 1 zuwa biliyan 3;(d) karancin kashi: kasa da biliyan daya.
2. Ingantaccen shiri: yawan adadin platelet da aka tattara daga jini.(a) Babban ingancin na'urar: ƙimar dawo da platelet>90%;(b) Matsakaicin ingancin na'urar: adadin dawo da platelet tsakanin 70-90%;(c) ƙarancin ingancin na'urar: ƙimar dawowa tsakanin 30-70%;(d) Ingantaccen kayan aiki yana da ƙasa sosai: ƙimar dawo da ita ƙasa da 30%.
3. Tsaftar PRP: Yana da alaƙa da alaƙar dangi na platelet, farin jini da ƙwayoyin ja a cikin PRP.Mun bayyana shi a matsayin (a) PRP mai tsafta:> 90% platelets dangane da erythrocytes da leukocytes a cikin PRP;(b) PRP mai tsabta: 70-90% platelets;(c) PRP iri-iri: % platelets Tsakanin 30-70%;(d) Dukan jinin PRP: yawan adadin platelet a cikin PRP bai wuce 30% ba.
4. Tsarin kunnawa: ko don kunna platelet tare da abubuwan haɗin gwiwa na waje, irin su thrombin autologous ko calcium chloride.
(An sake yin abin da ke cikin wannan labarin.)
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-16-2022